2011年中考英语易错题

1. lonely 

［误］She wanted to do her homework lonely.

［正］She wanted to do her homework alone

［析］lonely意为“寂寞的”、“孤单的”，如：The old man felt lonely. alone则意为“独自的”、“单独的”，如：He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.

2. long 

［误］I have been studying long for the exam.

［正］I have been studying for a long time for the exam.

［析］long用作表达时间的副词时，在否定句及疑问句中最常用，但在肯定句中除与so, too, as ... as连用外，一般要用for a long time.

［误］I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.

［正］I'll call you as long as the book is returned.

［析］as ... as引导的状语从句中可以用一般现在时表示将来。

［误］How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.

［正］How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.

［析］因为答语为每周一次所以问的是频率，要用how often.

3. look 

look for, find 

look for 侧重于“寻找”这个动作，如：What are you looking for? 而find则侧重于结果，如：It is very difficult to find a job. 这里不能用look for，因为真正困难的是“找到”工作。

其他用法还有：

［例］He often looks back on his high school days.

［析］look back on something 为“回顾”、“回想”。

［例］I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.

［析］look down on (upon) 为“看不起”某人或某事。

［误］I'm looking forward to see you.

［正］I'm looking forward to seeing you.

［析］look forward to词组中的to是介词，所以其后要加名词或动名词，不能接不定式。

4. lot 

［误］I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.

［正］I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.

［析］much money多用于疑问句与否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of. lots of 与a lot of之间无多大区别，两者都可以修饰可数与不可数名词，所以常常可以互换。

［误］He is more happier now.

［正］He is a lot happier now.

［析］不可用more来修饰比较级，能修饰比较级的词有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。

5. make

［误］The little boy was made repeat the whole story.

［正］The little boy was made to repeat the whole story.

［误］The father made his son to do his homework from morning till night.

［正］The father made his son do his homework from morning till night.

［析］make 的句型为“make somebody do (doing) something”。但在被动语态中原来被省去的不定式符号to要被还原回来。

［误］I always do this mistake.

［正］I always make this mistake.

［析］英语中do和make是十分不易弄清的两个动词，do常用于谈论工作时或某种不确定的活动时，如：do a favour（帮个忙），do one's best（竭尽全力），do good（有益），do harm（有害），而多数情况下常用make, 如：make a suggestion, make a cake, make a bed（收拾床），make a noise, make money等等。

［误］This wine was made of grapes.

［正］This wine was made from grapes.

［析］当成品制成后，其原料的性质有所改变时应用make from，否则用make of，如：This door was made of iron.

［误］Hard work can often make up a lack of intelligence.

［正］Hard work can often make up for a lack of intelligence.

［析］make up是“创造”、“编织”，而make up for是“弥补……的不足之处”。上句应译为“勤奋工作可以弥补天资的不足。”

［误］We made up our mind to study hard.

［正］We made up our minds to study hard.

［析］mind这里是可数名词，使用时要特别予以注意make up one's mind是“下定决心”之意。

［误］Our class is made of twenty girls and twenty one boys.

［正］Our class is made up of twenty girls and twenty one boys.

［析］make up of ... 是“某物由……组成或构成”。

6. many 

［误］I have many friends.

［正］I have a lot of friends.

［析］many和much多用于疑问句或否定句中，而在肯定句中则用处不多，尤其在非正式谈话中。如：

--- How much money have you got?

--- I've got plenty.

［误］You bought much too tomatoes.

［正］You bought too many tomatoes.

［析］too many后接可数名词，too much后接不可数名词，而much too后面接形容词，意为“太多”。

［误］For many a weeks it rained a lot.

［正］For many a week it rained a lot.

［析］many a意为“好多”、“许多”，但其后面要加单数名词。

7. matter

［误］No matter what you did.

［正］No matter what you did, I trusted you.

［析］No matter是个词组，意为“不论”，它的语法功能是起连接作用，所以不能用于一个单独的句子。it doesn't matter这个词组则不是一个连接词组，所以可以和一个单句连用，如：It doesn't matter what you say. （你说什么都不要紧。）

8. maybe 

［误］May be he is right.

［正］Maybe he is right.

［析］maybe是副词，不要错用为may be.

maybe, perhaps 

这两个词的词意一样，maybe常用于非正式谈话，而perhaps则多用在正式文体中。如： Maybe / Perhaps the weather will get better. 而Julius Caesar is perhaps the greatest of Shakespeare's early plays.

9. mend 

［误］I want to have my bike mended.

［正］I want to have my bike repaired.

［析］mend意为“缝补”，如：My mother mended my coat. 而repair是“修理”。

10. mind 

［误］Could you mind to close the door? 

［正］Could you mind closing the door?

［误］Try to make up your mind studying hard.

［正］Try to make up your mind to study hard.

［析］mind用作动词时，其后加动名词；而用作名词意为“下定决心”时，其后要加不定式。要注意Do you mind if I smoke?的答语：如果你不介意，应回答“No, go ahead.”如果你不想让对方吸烟，则应讲“Yes, please don't.”

作者简介：葛林，男，中学英语高级教师，曾在《21世纪英语报》《英语学习》《英语沙龙》等报刊杂志发表教学辅导类文章数十篇，并参与数项省部级科研课题，主要致力于初中英语中考及解题方法、技巧等教学方面的研究。